(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| French Suzerainty | ||
| French colony | ||
| 1643 | Charles Poncet de Brétigny, Governor | |
| 1644 to 1654 | Huet de Navarre, Governor | |
| Dutch Occupation | ||
| 1654 to 1660 | Guerin Spranger,[1] Governor | |
| 1660 to 1664 | Jan Claessen Lagedijk, Governor | |
| French Suzerainty | ||
| 15 May 1664 to 1665 | Joseph-Antoine Le Febvre de La Barre, Governor | 1st time |
| 1665 | Antoine de Noël de la Trompe d'Or, Governor | |
| 1665 to 1668 | Cyprien Lefebvre de Lézy, Governor | 1st time |
| 1668 to 1670 | Joseph-Antoine Le Febvre de La Barre, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1670 to 1676 | Cyprien Lefebvre de Lézy, Governor | 2nd time |
| Dutch Occupation | ||
| 5 May 1676 to December 1676 | Synkes, Commander | |
| French Suzerainty | ||
| 1676 to 1679 | Cyprien Lefebvre de Lézy, Governor | 3rd time |
| 1679 to October 1684 | Pierre-Eléonore de La Ville, marquis de Férolles, Governor | 1st time |
| 1684 to 1687 | Pierre de Sainte-Marthe de Lalande, Governor | |
| 1687 to 1688 | Pierre-Eléonore de La Ville, marquis de Férolles, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1688 to 1691 | François Lefebvre de la Barre, Governor | |
| 1691 to January 1700 | Pierre-Eléonore de La Ville, marquis de Férolles, Governor | 3rd time |
| 1700 to 1701 | Rémy Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 1st time |
| 1701 to 5 August 1705 | Pierre-Eléonore de La Ville, marquis de Férolles, Governor | 4th time |
| 1705 to 15 September 1706 | Antoine de Querci de Rionville, Governor | |
| 1706 to July 1713 | Rémy Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1713 | Chevalier de Béthune, Governor | |
| 1713 to September 1716 | Pierre de Morthon de Laumière de Grandville, interim Governor | |
| 1716 to December 1720 | Claude Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 1st time |
| 1720 to 1722 | François de la Motte-Aigron, Governor | |
| 1722 to September 1729 | Claude Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1729 to June 1730 | Michel Marshalek de Charanville, Governor | |
| 1730 to 2 August 1730 | Gilbert Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 1st time |
| 1730 to 30 August 1736 | Henri Dussault de Lamirande, Governor | |
| 1736 to December 1736 | Henri de Poilvillain, baron de Grenay, Governor | |
| 1736 to 9 July 1738 | Gilbert Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 2nd time |
| 9 July 1738 to June 1743 | Antoine Le Moyne de Chateauguay, Governor | |
| 1743 to June 1751 | Gilbert Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 3rd time |
| 1751 to May 1752 | Jean Baptiste Hyacinthe de Saint-Michel Dunezat, Governor | 1st time |
| 1752 to July 1753 | Gilbert Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 4th time |
| 1753 to April 1757 | Jean Baptiste Hyacinthe de Saint-Michel Dunezat, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1757 to May 1763 | Gilbert Guillouet d'Orvilliers, Governor | 5th time |
| 1763 to 2 January 1764 | Jean Pierre Antoine de Béhague, Governor | 1st time |
| 1764 to 22 December 1764 | Louis Thomas Jacau de Fiedmond, Governor | 1st time |
| 22 December 1764 to April 1765 | Brule Tout de Préfontaine, acting Governor | |
| April 1765 to 1765 | Étienne François de Turgot, Governor | |
| 1765 to 28 January 1766 | Jean Pierre Antoine de Béhague, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1766 to 15 December 1781 | Louis Thomas Jacau de Fiedmond, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1781 to 13 July 1785 | Alexandre Ferdinand, baron de Bessner, Governor | |
| 1785 to 16 August 1785 | Louis de La Vallière, interim Governor | |
| 1785 to 17 May 1787 | Thomas de FitzMaurice, Governor | |
| May 1787 to 22 October 1788 | Pierre François de Mareuilh de Villeboi, Governor | |
| 1788 to 19 June 1789 | Charles Guillaume Vial d'Alais, Governor | |
| 1789 to 5 January 1791 | Jacques Martin de Bourgon, Governor | |
| 1791 to 26 September 1792 | Henri Benoît, acting Governor | |
| 1792 to May 1793 | Frédéric Joseph Guillot, Civil Commissioner | |
| 1793 to November 1794 | Nicolas Georges Jeannet-Oudin, Civil Commissioner | 1st time |
| November 1794 to April 1796 | François Maurice Cointet de Fillain, Commissioner | |
| April 1796 to 25 October 1797 | Nicolas Georges Jeannet-Oudin, Agent Particulier | 2nd time |
| French département | ||
| 25 October 1797 to 5 November 1798 | Nicolas Georges Jeannet-Oudin, Agent Particulier | 2nd time |
| November 1798 to 2 December 1799 | Étienne Laurent Pierre Burnel, Agent Particulier | |
| 13 December 1799 to 8 January 1800 | Étienne Franconie, President of the Departmental Administration | |
| 8 January 1800 to 1801 | Jean Baptiste Victor Hugues, Agent | |
| French colony | ||
| 1801 to 1804 | Jean Baptiste Victor Hugues, Agent | |
| 1804 to 12 January 1809 | Jean Baptiste Victor Hugues, Imperial Commissioner | |
| Portuguese Occupation | ||
| 12 January 1809 to October 1809 | Manuel Marques, Governor | |
| October 1809 to February 1812 | Pedro Alexandrino Pinto de Sousa, Governor | |
| February 1812 to 8 November 1817 | João Severiano Maciel da Costa, Governor | |
| French Suzerainty | ||
| 1817 to 25 July 1819 | Jean-François, comte de Carra Saint-Cyr, Commandant | |
| 25 July 1819 to 12 March 1823 | Pierre Clément, baron de Laussat, Commandant | |
| 1823 to 1825 | Pierre Bernard, baron de Milius, Commandant | |
| 1825 to 1826 | Charles Emmanuel de Muyssard, interim Commandant | |
| 1826 to 1827 | Joseph Burgues de Missiessy, interim Governor | |
| 1827 to 1829 | Louis Henri de Saulses de Freycinet, Governor | |
| 1 June 1829 to 11 April 1836 | Louis Jean-Guillaume Jubelin, Governor | |
| 1836 to 1837 | François Dominique Laurens de Choisy, Governor | |
| 1837 to 1839 | Paul de Nourquer du Camper, Governor | |
| 1839 to 1841 | Jean Baptiste Marie Augustin Gourbeyre, Governor | |
| 1841 to 1843 | Guillaume Basile Charmasson de Puylaval, Governor | |
| 1843 to 1845 | Marie Jean-François Layrle, Governor | |
| 1845 to 1846 | Jean Baptiste Armand Bertrand Cadéot, Governor | |
| 18 February 1846 to 16 May 1850 | André Aimé Pariset, Governor | |
| 1850 to 6 January 1851 | Louis Eugène Maissin, Governor | |
| 1851 | Jean François Marie Félix Stanislas Vidal de Lingendes, acting Governor | |
| May 1851 to May 1852 | Octave Pierre Antoine de Chabannes-Curton, Governor | |
| 1852 to 1853 | Joseph Napoléon Sarda-Garriga, Governor | |
| 1853 to 1854 | Martin Fourichon, Governor | |
| 1854 to 1855 | Louis Adolphe Bonard, Governor | |
| 1855 to January 1856 | Antoine Alphonse Masset, acting Governor | |
| January 1856 to 1859 | Auguste Laurent François Baudin, Governor | |
| 15 May 1859 to 1 May 1864 | Louis Marie François Tardy de Montravel, Governor | |
| 1864 to 1865 | Antoine Favre, acting Governor | |
| 1865 to 1870 | Privat Antoine Agathon Hennique, Governor | |
| 1870 | J.A.A. Noyer, acting Governor | |
| 30 April 1870 to 1871 | Jeanean-Louis Loubère, acting Governor | |
| 1871 to August 1877 | Jeanean-Louis Loubère, Governor | |
| 1877 | A.E. Bouet, acting Governor | |
| 1877 to 1880 | Marie Alfred-Armand Huart, Governor | |
| 1880 | P.A. Trève, acting Governor | |
| 1880 to 1883 | Charles Alexandre Lacouture, Governor | |
| 1883 to 1884 | Henri Isidore Chessé, Governor | |
| 1884 to 1885 | Jean Baptiste Antoine Lougnon, acting Governor | |
| 1885 to 1887 | Léonce Pierre Henri Le Cardinal, Governor | |
| 1888 to 1891 | Anne Léodor Philotée Metellus Gerville-Réache, Governor | |
| April 1891 to 1893 | Louis Albert Grodet, Governor | 1st time |
| 1893 | Paul Émile Joseph Casimir Fawtier, Governor | |
| 24 April 1893 to 4 August 1895 | Camille Charvein, Governor | |
| 30 August 1895 to 13 June 1896 | Henri Félix de Lamothe, Governor | |
| 1896 to 1898 | Henri Eloi Danel, Governor | |
| 1898 to 1899 | Henri Charles Victor Amédée Roberdeau, Governor | |
| 1899 | Louis Mouttet, Governor | |
| 1899 to 1903 | Émile Joseph Merwart, Governor | |
| 1903 to 1905 | Louis Albert Grodet, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1905 | Charles Emmanuel Joseph Marchal, Governor | |
| 1905 to 1906 | Victor François Ferdinand Rey, Governor | |
| 1906 | Louis Alphonse Bonhoure, Governor | |
| 20 January 1906 to 5 July 1907 | Édouard Picanon, Governor | |
| 1907 to 1909 | François Pierre Rodier, Governor | |
| 1909 to 1910 | William Maurice Fawtier, Governor | |
| 1910 | Fernand Ernest Thérond, Governor | |
| 1910 to 31 May 1911 | Paul Samary, Governor | |
| 1911 | Denis Joseph Goujon, Governor | |
| 1911 to 1914 | Pierre Jean Henri Didelot, Governor | 1st time |
| 1914 to 1916 | Fernand Ernest Lévecque, Governor | |
| 1916 | Pierre Jean Henri Didelot, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1916 to 1917 | Georges Lévy, Governor | |
| 1917 | Jules Gérard Auguste Lauret, Governor | |
| 1917 to 1918 | Antoine Joseph Xavier Barre, Governor | |
| 1918 to 1923 | Henri Alphonse Joseph Lejeune, Governor | |
| 1923 | Julien Edgard Cantau, Governor | |
| 20 November 1923 to 1926 | Marc Émile Charles Jean Chanel, Governor | |
| 1926 to 1927 | Gabriel Henri Joseph Thaly, Governor | |
| 1927 | François Adrien Juvanon, Governor | |
| 1927 to 1928 | Émile Buhot-Launay, Governor | |
| 1928 to 1929 | Camille Théodore Raoul Maillet, Governor | |
| 1929 to 6 July 1930 | Bernard Jacques Victorin Siadous, Governor | |
| French Guiana divided into two territories: French Guiana (Cayenne and the Atlantic coast) and Inini (inland area) | ||
| 6 July 1930 to 1931 | Bernard Jacques Victorin Siadous, Governor | |
| 27 May 1931 to 1933 | Louis Joseph Bouge, acting Governor | |
| 1933 to 1935 | Julien Georges Lamy, Governor | |
| 2 June 1935 to 1936 | Max de Masson de Saint-Félix, Governor | |
| 1936 | Pierre Tap, Governor | |
| 1936 to 1938 | René Veber, Governor | 1st time |
| 1938 to 1942 | Robert Paul Chot-Plassot, Governor | |
| 1942 to 18 March 1943 | René Veber, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1943 to 1944 | Jean Alexandre Léon Rapenne, Governor | |
| 1944 to 1946 | Jules Eucher Surlemont, Governor | |
| 1946 | Jean Pezet, Governor | |
| French overseas département | ||
| 16 August 1947 to 1 June 1955 | Robert Vignon, Prefect | |
| 1 June 1955 to 16 September 1957 | Pierre Malvy, Prefect | |
| 1 October 1957 to 1 November 1958 | Pierre Voitellier, Prefect | |
| 13 October 1958 to 1 December 1960 | André Dubois-Chabert, Prefect | Acting for Voitellier to 1 November 1958 |
| 1 December 1960 to 1 December 1963 | René Erignac, Prefect | |
| 1 December 1963 to 16 August 1967 | René Letellier, Prefect | |
| 16 August 1967 to 16 July 1970 | Paul Bouteiller, Prefect | |
| 16 July 1970 to 1 February 1972 | Jean Monfraix, Prefect | |
| 1 February 1972 to 8 February 1974 | Jacques Robert Delaunay, Prefect | |
| 5 March 1974 to 20 May 1977 | Hervé Bourseillier, Prefect | |
| 20 May 1977 to 10 February 1980 | Jean Julien Émile Le Direach, Prefect | |
| 10 February 1980 to 27 July 1981 | Antoine Carli, Prefect | |
| 27 July 1981 to 10 May 1982 | Maxime Gonzalvo, Prefect | |
| 10 May 1982 to 22 July 1982 | Maxime Gonzalvo, Commissioner of the Republic | |
| July 1982 to 1984 | Claude Silberzahn, Commissioner of the Republic | |
| 1984 to 1986 | Bernard Courtois, Commissioner of the Republic | |
| 1986 to 24 February 1988 | Jacques Dewatre, Commissioner of the Republic | |
| 24 February 1988 to August 1988 | Jacques Dewatre, Prefect | |
| 22 August 1988 to 16 May 1990 | Jean-Pierre Lacroix, Prefect | |
| 19 June 1990 to May 1992 | Jean-François Di Chiara, Prefect | |
| 27 May 1992 to 6 January 1995 | Jean-François Cordet, Prefect | |
| 6 January 1995 to 3 February 1997 | Pierre Dartout, Prefect | |
| 3 February 1997 to 2 August 1999 | Dominique Vian, Prefect | |
| 2 August 1999 to 2 September 2002 | Henri Masse, Prefect | |
| 2 September 2002 to 28 March 2003 | Ange Mancini, Prefect | |
| French overseas region | ||
| 28 March 2003 to August 2006 | Ange Mancini, Prefect | |
| 28 August 2006 to February 2009 | Jean-Pierre Laflaquière, Prefect | |
| 19 February 2009 to present | Daniel Ferey, Prefect | |